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forschung:applying_formal_methods_for_qos_provisioning_in_mobile_architectures [2009/09/24 12:37]
barakat angelegt
forschung:applying_formal_methods_for_qos_provisioning_in_mobile_architectures [2011/11/21 17:34]
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- 
-<div class=Section1>​ 
- 
-<div align=center>​ 
- 
-<table class=MsoTableGrid border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="​100%"​ 
- ​style='​width:​100.0%;​border-collapse:​collapse;​border:​none;​mso-yfti-tbllook:​ 
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-  <td width="​100%"​ colspan=3 valign=top style='​width:​100.0%;​padding:​0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
-  <​h1><​span lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​22.0pt'>​Applying Formal Methods for QoS 
-  Provisioning in Mobile Architectures<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​h1>​ 
- 
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-  src="​image007.jpg"​ align=right hspace=38 
-  vspace=19 alt=komplex v:​shapes="​Bild_x0020_14"><​![endif]><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​This project 
-  focuses on the application of formal methods to model and manage QoS for 
-  Network Mobility. The field of network mobility is gaining ground in 
-  telecommunications because of the evolution of broadband technologies and the 
-  increasing applications that demand broadband access, e.g. connectivity in 
-  public transportation and IMS. Network Mobility is the field that considers 
-  sets of mobile devices moving together as one entity with one or more access 
-  points which are called mobile routers. These networks are standardized under 
-  the IETF-RFC3963 specification also known as NEMO Basic Support, while QoS 
-  challenges are described in IETF-RFC4980. NEMO BS is an extension to MIPv6 
-  described under IETF-RFC3775. Mobile routers can possess multiple Radio 
-  Access Technologies (RATs) and have to perform real-time operations, e.g. 
-  handover, managing binding updates, merging/​splitting mobile networks and 
-  managing QoS. The intelligent management of mobility, data streams of 
-  different QoS requirements and the available RATs makes the formalization of 
-  this problem a necessity due to its complexity. The importance of this study 
-  comes from the industry focus on network operator’s IP services, especially 
-  IMS. NEMO BS provides a solution for this system and at the same time 
-  requires investment in research to improve QoS.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  </td> 
- </​tr>​ 
- <​tr style='​mso-yfti-irow:​1'>​ 
-  <td width="​100%"​ colspan=3 valign=top style='​width:​100.0%;​padding:​0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
-  <h2 style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif";​mso-ansi-language:​EN-US'>​Work Plan<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​h2>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​This 
-  work consists of two main parts; building the formal model and simulating the 
-  NEMO protocol. These parts are to be run in parallel to achieve 
-  interdependability. This means that simulation measurements will be used to 
-  support theoretic hypothesis made by the formalized description of the QoS 
-  problem. On the other hand, formal tools have to<span style='​mso-no-proof:​ 
-  yes'>​ </​span><​span style='​mso-spacerun:​yes'>​ </​span>​be implemented in order 
-  to be able to incorporate extensions which in turn will allow making 
-  predictions of the behavior of the modeled system in a similar way to 
-  simulations. This means that these tools will be designed to be able to 
-  generate quantitative as well as qualitative conclusions.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
- 
-  </td> 
- </​tr>​ 
- <​tr style='​mso-yfti-irow:​2'>​ 
-  <td width="​100%"​ colspan=3 valign=top style='​width:​100.0%;​padding:​0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
-  <h2 style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif";​mso-ansi-language:​EN-US'>​The Formal 
-  Model<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​h2>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​center'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​100.0pt;​font-family:"​Bradley Hand ITC"; 
-  mso-bidi-font-family:​Arial;​color:#​0070C0'>&#​960;</​span><​b><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​28.0pt;​font-family:"​Script MT Bold";​mso-bidi-font-family:​ 
-  Arial'>​Calculus</​span></​b><​span lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​72.0pt;​ 
-  font-family:"​Bradley Hand ITC";​mso-bidi-font-family:​Arial'><​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  </td> 
- 
- </​tr>​ 
- <​tr style='​mso-yfti-irow:​3'>​ 
-  <td width="​100%"​ colspan=3 valign=top style='​width:​100.0%;​padding:​0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>&#​928;​-Calculus 
-  is a modeling formality that focuses on communicating processes. It offers 
-  firm representation of connectivity and messaging using math-like 
-  expressions. &#​928;​-Calculus had initially a monadic syntax where single 
-  arguments are passed through channels. Later on, polyadic &#​960;​-Calculus was 
-  introduced to allow pushing sets of arguments at once over the communication 
-  channels. Process replication was also introduced. In the higher order 
-  &#​960;​-Calculus,​ process names can be exchanged through the channels too. 
-  Some research uses available syntax to express problems like QoS while others 
-  ground their own flavor of it by introducing modifications to the syntax like 
-  spi-Calculus which is specifically suitable for cryptology. One more example 
-  is Ambient-Calculus which concerns itself with defining computation domains 
-  or ambiences where communication between local processes happens within its 
-  boundary, ambiences can move and communication crossing the border is 
-  analogous to crossing firewalls. The extensibility,​ expressiveness,​ 
-  flexibility and firm formality of &#​960;​-Calculus make it the most suitable 
-  tool for modeling communication protocols and prototypes of enhancements. 
-  This work aims to make further contributions to &#​960;​-Calculus in order to 
-  achieve the following:</​span><​span lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​ 
-  font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif";​mso-fareast-language:​DE;​mso-no-proof:​yes'>​ <​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
- 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l1 level1 lfo2'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>&#​928;​-Calculus is 
-  founded on the principle of state automata. Consequently,​ processes in 
-  &#​960;​-Calculus interact and switch their states upon reception of messages 
-  over communication channels, which means that message reception among 
-  processes triggers the interaction and causes the system to evolve. However, 
-  modeling real-world systems needs more than that. The notion of time is 
-  currently unavailable in the syntax of &#​960;​-Calculus,​ which makes it 
-  unsuitable for performing simulations in which particular events take place 
-  at certain points of time, e.g. time-out events. In this work we aim to 
-  introduce a new component in the syntax of &#​960;​-Calculus to enable it to 
-  model timed events.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l1 level1 lfo2'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>&#​928;​-Calculus is 
-  suitable for deducing qualitative conclusions about processes’ interaction 
-  and states. However, more meaningful verification results can be made when 
-  quantitative conclusions are made from the &#​960;​-Calculus model such as 
-  bandwidth utilization and power consumption. This can be done if the notion 
-  of time was present in the model. Available tools for &#​960;​-Calculus have 
-  limitations to be covered, e.g. polyadic &#​960;​-Calculus has to be supported 
-  in order to be able to model process replication. Otherwise, polyadic systems 
-  have to be downgraded to monadic syntax which is unrealistic for complex 
-  systems.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
- 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l1 level1 lfo2'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​There have been 
-  models suggested about using &#​960;​-Calculus to model QoS supervision in 
-  telecommunication networks. As our work touches the foundations of 
-  &#​960;​-Calculus,​ we would like to see how these changes will affect the 
-  suggested models and how we can improve them.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l1 level1 lfo2'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​A &#​960;​-Calculus 
-  model for NEMO BS has to be built as described in RFC3963. Software 
-  development of the protocol under the simulation tool and QoS enhancements 
-  should be based on this model. This is important to ensure strong analogy 
-  interrelationships between simulation measurements and the qualitative 
-  deductions made from the formal model.<​span style='​mso-spacerun:​yes'> ​ 
-  </​span><​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l1 level1 lfo2'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
- 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​Depending on the 
-  interdependency between simulation and formal model verification results 
-  further studies can evolve to explain observed phenomena and try to set rules 
-  to make this relation deterministic.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​The 
-  ability to make realistic assessments of modeled systems before the 
-  implementation phase using formal model checking techniques has several 
-  advantages:<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l0 level1 lfo4'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​It will be possible 
-  on basis of the qualitative attributes of the suggested model to judge 
-  whether it answers the requirements it is meant to satisfy.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l0 level1 lfo4'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
- 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​It allows 
-  quantitatively comparing formal models and making early choices about 
-  modifications and improvements.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l0 level1 lfo4'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​It shortens the 
-  software development cycle by limiting the need to go back to the model and 
-  make modifications for issues discovered after implementation.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  </td> 
- </​tr>​ 
- 
- <​tr style='​mso-yfti-irow:​4'>​ 
-  <td width="​100%"​ colspan=3 valign=top style='​width:​100.0%;​padding:​0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
-  <h2 style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif";​mso-ansi-language:​EN-US'>​Simulating 
-  the Protocol<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​h2>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​center'><​b><​span 
-  style='​font-size:​48.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial Black","​sans-serif";​mso-bidi-font-family:​ 
-  Aharoni;​mso-ansi-language:​DE;​mso-fareast-language:​DE;​mso-no-proof:​yes'><​!--[if gte vml 1]><​v:​shape 
-   ​id="​Bild_x0020_15"​ o:​spid="​_x0000_i1025"​ type="#​_x0000_t75"​ style='​width:​231pt;​ 
-   ​height:​45.75pt;​visibility:​visible;​mso-wrap-style:​square'>​ 
-   <​v:​imagedata src="​image008.png"​ o:​title=""/>​ 
-  </​v:​shape><​![endif]--><​![if !vml]><​img width=308 height=61 
-  src="​image009.jpg"​ v:​shapes="​Bild_x0020_15"><​![endif]></​span></​b><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <h2 style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​line-height:​115%;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif";​ 
-  mso-ansi-language:​EN-US'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​h2>​ 
- 
-  </td> 
- </​tr>​ 
- <​tr style='​mso-yfti-irow:​5'>​ 
-  <td width="​100%"​ colspan=3 valign=top style='​width:​100.0%;​padding:​0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​For this 
-  purpose OPNET Modeler® is being used under university licensing. This 
-  simulator contains a huge library of standardized protocols and devices as 
-  well as commercial ones, e.g. MIPv6 and mobile routers. The hierarchical 
-  structure of components and their modular design shortens the time required 
-  to develop own devices and extend particular protocols. To complete the 
-  required infrastructure for performing simulations the following tasks are 
-  ahead:</​span><​span lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​1.0pt;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  "Times New Roman";​color:​black;​background:​black;​mso-ansi-language:​X-NONE;​ 
-  mso-fareast-language:​X-NONE;​mso-bidi-language:​X-NONE;​layout-grid-mode:​line'>​ </​span><​span 
-  style='​font-size:​1.0pt;​mso-fareast-font-family:"​Times New Roman";​color:​black;​ 
-  background:​black;​mso-ansi-language:​DE;​mso-fareast-language:​X-NONE;​mso-bidi-language:​ 
-  X-NONE;​layout-grid-mode:​line'><​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  </td> 
- </​tr>​ 
- <​tr style='​mso-yfti-irow:​6'>​ 
- 
-  <td width="​100%"​ colspan=3 valign=top style='​width:​100.0%;​padding:​0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
-  <h2 align=center style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​center;​mso-outline-level:​ 
-  2'><​!--[if gte vml 1]><​o:​wrapblock><​v:​shape id="​Bild_x0020_18"​ o:​spid="​_x0000_s1054"​ 
-    type="#​_x0000_t75"​ alt="​architecture_lrg"​ style='​position:​absolute;​left:​0;​ 
-    text-align:​left;​margin-left:​0;​margin-top:​-118.45pt;​width:​306pt;​height:​358.5pt;​ 
-    z-index:​1;​visibility:​visible;​mso-wrap-style:​square;​ 
-    mso-wrap-distance-left:​9pt;​mso-wrap-distance-top:​0;​ 
-    mso-wrap-distance-right:​9pt;​mso-wrap-distance-bottom:​0;​ 
-    mso-position-horizontal:​center;​mso-position-horizontal-relative:​text;​ 
-    mso-position-vertical:​absolute;​mso-position-vertical-relative:​text'>​ 
-    <​v:​imagedata src="​image010.gif"​ o:​title="​architecture_lrg"/>​ 
-    <w:wrap type="​topAndBottom"/>​ 
-   </​v:​shape><​![endif]--><​![if !vml]><​img width=408 height=478 
-   ​src="​image011.jpg"​ alt="​architecture_lrg"​ v:​shapes="​Bild_x0020_18"><​![endif]><​!--[if gte vml 1]></​o:​wrapblock><​![endif]--><​br 
-  style='​mso-ignore:​vglayout'​ clear=ALL>​ 
-  <span lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​line-height:​115%;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif";​ 
-  mso-fareast-font-family:"​MS Mincho";​color:#​548DD4;​mso-themecolor:​text2;​ 
-  mso-themetint:​153;​mso-ansi-language:​EN-US;​mso-fareast-language:​JA;​font-weight:​ 
-  normal;​font-style:​normal'>​Copyright OPNET Technologies,​ Inc.®<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​h2>​ 
-  </td> 
- </​tr>​ 
- <​tr style='​mso-yfti-irow:​7'>​ 
-  <td width="​100%"​ colspan=3 valign=top style='​width:​100.0%;​padding:​0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​1.0pt;​mso-fareast-font-family:"​Times New Roman";​ 
-  color:​black;​background:​black;​mso-fareast-language:​X-NONE;​mso-bidi-language:​ 
-  X-NONE;​layout-grid-mode:​line'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
- 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l2 level1 lfo6'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​Create a multi-RAT 
-  router on which the NEMO BS protocol is going to be run. Multiple RAT 
-  interfaces are necessary to study the effect of access technology switching 
-  on ongoing data sessions and to test possible QoS enhancements and 
-  strategies. This router shares its network layer between the different RATs 
-  by setting MIPv6 on top of Link Layer (LL) and Radio Resource Control (RRC) 
-  layers of available RATs. Each RAT will have its own physical, MAC, LL, Radio 
-  Link Control (RLC) and RRC of its own. On top of MIPv6 NEMO BS is going to be 
-  implemented. This structure allows for unified session management and QoS 
-  control. For this research, WiFi, WiMAX and UMTS are going to be the RATs of 
-  our mobile routers.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l2 level1 lfo6'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​Create core-network 
-  components that will provide the required messaging to perform handover and 
-  domain administration. These components are described in 3GPP-23.401 and 
-  3GPP-23.402. These specifications describe network structure for different 
-  scenarios (homing or visiting) in addition to mobility management, network 
-  selection, network access strategies and QoS provisioning.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l2 level1 lfo6'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
- 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​NEMO BS has to be 
-  modeled using our extensions of &#​960;​-Calculus. Afterwards, the protocol can 
-  be implemented for simulation based on the prototyped model. This has to be 
-  done in this order because strong interdependency between simulation and 
-  formalization is required for further study purposes.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l2 level1 lfo6'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​Extend MIPv6 to 
-  include NEMO BS as described in RFC3963 and according to the prototyped 
-  &#​960;​-Calculus model. To allow code-reuse NEMO BS will be written above an 
-  abstraction layer that will integrate it with OPNET.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l2 level1 lfo6'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​Integrate the NEMO 
-  BS extension with OPNET. At this point, full functionality of NEMO BS should 
-  be available for testing.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
- 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l2 level1 lfo6'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​Create test 
-  scenarios for use with simulations. These scenarios will be based on the use 
-  cases described in 3GPP-22.259. This document describes use-cases for PANs in 
-  IMS for which NEMO BS represents a suitable solution. This particular 
-  approach has been chosen in order to keep a close to industry requirements.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l2 level1 lfo6'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​Collect baseline 
-  measurements against which QoS improvements are going to be evaluated.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-top:​0cm;​margin-right:​0cm;​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​ 
-  margin-left:​17.85pt;​text-align:​justify;​text-indent:​-17.85pt;​mso-list:​l2 level1 lfo6'><​![if !supportLists]><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:​Symbol;​mso-fareast-font-family:​ 
-  Symbol;​mso-bidi-font-family:​Symbol'><​span style='​mso-list:​Ignore'>​·<​span 
-  style='​font:​7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;&​nbsp;​ 
-  </​span></​span></​span><​![endif]><​span dir=LTR></​span><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'>​Modify the 
-  implementation of NEMO BS to propagate the QoS improvements made using the &#​960;​-Calculus 
-  based model and collect simulation measurements. These measurements will be 
-  compared with the baseline results to assess the improvements. In addition, 
-  they will be semantically compared to the quantitative attributes of the QoS 
-  improved model to see how these results match or differ.<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
- 
-  <h2 style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify;​mso-outline-level:​2'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif";​mso-ansi-language:​EN-US'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​h2>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal><​span lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​11.0pt;​mso-fareast-language:​ 
-  EN-US'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  </td> 
- </​tr>​ 
- <​tr style='​mso-yfti-irow:​8'>​ 
-  <td width="​100%"​ colspan=3 valign=top style='​width:​100.0%;​padding:​0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
-  <h2 style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif";​mso-ansi-language:​EN-US'>​Contact<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​h2>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​1.0pt;​mso-fareast-font-family:"​Times New Roman";​ 
-  color:​black;​background:​black;​mso-fareast-language:​X-NONE;​mso-bidi-language:​ 
-  X-NONE;​layout-grid-mode:​line'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
- 
-  </td> 
- </​tr>​ 
- <​tr style='​mso-yfti-irow:​9;​mso-yfti-lastrow:​yes'>​ 
-  <td width="​33%"​ style='​width:​33.34%;​border-top:​none;​border-left:​solid windowtext 1.0pt; 
-  border-bottom:​solid windowtext 1.0pt;​border-right:​none;​mso-border-left-alt:​ 
-  solid windowtext .5pt;​mso-border-bottom-alt:​solid windowtext .5pt;​padding:​ 
-  0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='​text-align:​center'><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​11.0pt'>​Kamal Barakat<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​center'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​1.0pt;​mso-fareast-font-family:"​Times New Roman";​ 
-  color:​black;​background:​black;​mso-fareast-language:​X-NONE;​mso-bidi-language:​ 
-  X-NONE;​layout-grid-mode:​line'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  </td> 
-  <td width="​33%"​ style='​width:​33.34%;​border-top:​solid windowtext 1.0pt; 
-  border-left:​none;​border-bottom:​solid windowtext 1.0pt;​border-right:​none;​ 
-  mso-border-top-alt:​solid windowtext .5pt;​mso-border-bottom-alt:​solid windowtext .5pt; 
-  padding:0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
- 
-  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​center'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​11.0pt'><​a 
-  href="​mailto:​Barakat@embedded.rwth-aachen.de">​barakat [at] embedded [dot] 
-  rwth-aachen [dot] de</​a></​span><​span lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​1.0pt;​ 
-  mso-fareast-font-family:"​Times New Roman";​color:​black;​background:​black;​ 
-  mso-fareast-language:​X-NONE;​mso-bidi-language:​X-NONE;​layout-grid-mode:​line'><​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  </td> 
-  <td width="​33%"​ style='​width:​33.32%;​border-top:​solid windowtext 1.0pt; 
-  border-left:​none;​border-bottom:​none;​border-right:​solid windowtext 1.0pt; 
-  mso-border-top-alt:​solid windowtext .5pt;​mso-border-right-alt:​solid windowtext .5pt; 
-  padding:0cm 2.0cm 0cm 2.0cm'>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='​text-align:​center'><​span lang=EN-US 
-  style='​font-size:​11.0pt'>​Tel. +49 (241) 80 21171<​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​center'><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​11.0pt'>​Fax +49 (241) 80 22150</​span><​span 
-  lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​1.0pt;​mso-fareast-font-family:"​Times New Roman";​ 
-  color:​black;​background:​black;​mso-fareast-language:​X-NONE;​mso-bidi-language:​ 
-  X-NONE;​layout-grid-mode:​line'><​o:​p></​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
-  </td> 
- </​tr>​ 
- 
-</​table>​ 
- 
-</​div>​ 
- 
-<p class=MsoNormal style='​margin-bottom:​6.0pt;​text-align:​justify'><​span 
-lang=EN-US style='​font-size:​10.0pt;​font-family:"​Arial","​sans-serif"'><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
- 
-<p class=MsoNormal><​span lang=EN-US><​o:​p>&​nbsp;</​o:​p></​span></​p>​ 
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